Recombinant Landscapes in the American City

How are urban actors, such as landscape designers, community groups, developers and local politicians, actively restructuring their environments to meet the challenges of the American city in the new global context? Grahame Shane outlines the approaches to landscape that have been emerging since the mid-20th century and are set to recombine urban assemblages whether they are located in historic city centres, postindustrial waterfronts or suburban sprawl. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

合理选择与使用自动转换开关电器(ATSE)

文章通过对ATSE不同产品的工作原理及不同标准对比和分析,指出理想的ATSE为PC级产品,并指出CB级产品因过电流故障引起开关断开,ATSE将不会转换;但PC级ATSE应具有不低于AC-33B使用类别及一定的短路性能,才能保证用户安全使用。     

超声波测流计在普定水电站的应用

为了提高普定水电站自动化水平，为保证发电机组的安全、高效、经济运行提供一套更为可靠的手段，同时也为黔源公司实施“远程集控，无人值守或少人值守”和“精益化运行”创造一流水电厂（站）自动化条件，普定水电站利用机组扩大性检修时机，在三台机组蝶阀压力钢管处分别安装GER—9000型号超声波流量测量系统。通过实际应用该测流系统并分析其测量精度，完全满足生产要求，且效果良好，成功解决了普定水电站长期以来无法直接测量大管径流量的难题，为水工部门提供了可靠的流量数据。对提高普定水电站安全、高效、经济运行水平、实现“远程集控，无人值守或少人值守”和全厂（站）“精益化运行”目标有重要意义，为在水电行业推广应用提供了实践经验，该测流系统值得在其他水电厂（站）推广应用，有利于提高自动化水平和实现优质、高效运行。     

儿童参与视角下“校社共建”社区花园 营造模式研究

在快速城市化背景下,如何在增加儿童接触自然机会的同时实现社区花园的可持续营造成为重要研究课题。通过对儿童参与理论及国内外案例的研究分析,提出将儿童参与运用到社区花园营造中的必要性和可能性。结合在长沙市八字墙社区和丰泉古井社区开展的社区花园实践,提出"校社共建"的社区花园营造模式,并从社区花园设计、参与主体意识和多方合作3个层面提出建议,总结儿童参与视角下社区花园营造的重要意义及可行性,为后续儿童参与社区花园营造提供借鉴和参考。     

Working With Wilderness: A Promising Direction for Urban Green Spaces

Wilderness is a cultural construct that is deeply rooted in many societies. For landscape architects and their predecessors, wilderness has long been important as a contrast to artificial garden elements, as an inspiration for naturalistic plant designs, or today as a timely contribution to reconciling cities and their inhabitants with the natural world. Since cities and wilderness have traditionally been seen as opposites, new approaches are necessary to better address the opportunities and challenges associated with wilderness in urban regions. From an ecological perspective, urban wilderness can be defined as an area characterized by a high degree of self-regulation in ecosystem processes where direct human impact is negligible. This allows two main types of wilderness to be distinguished: “ancient wilderness” represented by natural remnants in many cities, and “novel wilderness,” which arises in artificial urban-industrial sites. The two types require different approaches in designing and managing green spaces. Ancient wilderness is a traditional object of conservation and restoration, and offers inspiration for naturalistic plantings. In contrast, the emergence of novel wilderness has long been associated with neglect and socio-economic decline. Since the 1980s, however, early pioneer projects in Germany have started to integrate novel urban wilderness into the green infrastructure. The results are unprecedented green spaces that combine novel wilderness with design interventions. These places are attractive to visitors, contribute to biodiversity conservation, and support many ecosystem services. This article aims to illustrate the opportunities and challenges of integrating wilderness components and processes into the urban green infrastructure—a timely way to reconnect cities with nature.     

上海城市遗产保护观念的发展及对中国名城保护的思考

在对上海城市遗产保护观念发展进行总结的基础上,特别是结合上海新近提出的"保护也是发展"的理念,对中国名城保护进行了思考,提出在新形势下的一些新观念和相关措施建议.     

相互学习--21世纪的中国和欧洲城市

通过对欧洲的大都市地区和世界性城市的发展的回顾和分析,提出了对中国城市发展和大都市地区发展的规划建议.     

What are the most important predictors of computer science students' online help-seeking behaviors?

This study investigates the most important predictors of computer science students’ online help-seeking behaviors. 203 computer science students from a large university in southeastern United States participated in the study. Online help-seeking behaviors explored in this study include online searching, asking teachers online for help, and asking peers online for help. Ten-fold cross validation was used to select the most significant predictors from eight potential factors, including prior knowledge of the learning subject, learning proficiency level, academic performance, epistemological belief, interests, problem difficulty, age and gender. Problem difficulty was selected as the most important predictor for all three types of online help seeking, while learning proficiency level, academic performance, and epistemological belief were selected as the most important predictors for both online searching and asking teachers online for help. Based on the selected factors and their relationships with online help seeking, the study provides guidance on targeted training for online help seeking in an era of mass higher education.     

Parents' education,school‐age children and household location in American cities

The location of households within metropolitan areas has been a topic of interest for many decades. It has been receiving more attention by researchers recently because of the increasing attractiveness of many cities in the United States to certain types of households and to certain types of jobs. This study considers whether 15 large cities and the boroughs of New York City are attractive to families with school‐age children, especially those with college‐educated parents. It is shown that overall more affluent and educated families with school‐age children are less likely to live in many large central cities with a few important exceptions.     

中国城镇化的困局与破局——中镇模式的设想与检视

城镇化本质上是人与土地产生新型关系的进程.因此,以何种方式聚集,怎样协调相互发生关系的人与地,便成为城镇化过程中的关键问题.新中国成立以来,中国人民对建立人、地合理配置方式进行了积极的探索,大城市论和小城镇论是其中最具代表性的两种观点.60多年的实践告诉我们,"大"、"小"两种发展模式都没有处理好城镇化进程中人与地、人...